Environmental Pollution Essay -- essays research papers fc

environmental PollutionENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTIONAutomobiles like these are around the world everyday, and their exhaust destroysour gentle wind everyday.Our environment is a major aspect of our life today. Many of us dont take our nation seriously and think that as long as defilement doesnt hurt them they cango ahead and wee-wee garbage on the ground or spill oil down the drain. Well tomany pile have that theory and they are killing off our Earth and alsophysically harming themselves from the air they breath and the water they swimin. Our Earth is fragile like a human and stack dont know. There are manydifferent types of environmental contaminant (e.g. Water, air, atmospheric.)     Scientists believe that all cities with populations exceeding 50,000have some full stop of air pollution. longing garbage in open dumps causes airpollution, and also it smells pretty bad. Air pollution comes from manydifferent sources. One of the major sources is carbon monoxide which manly comesfrom automobiles, but also burning of fossil fuels, CFCs etc. Air pollution doesnot leave the Earth it all gets trapped up in the atmosphere. This doesntbother most people, and they think that it leave alone not harm them. People burn downforests and people burn fossil fuels, and CFCs from aerosols. Every trash of thisharms our atmosphere. Factories and transportation depend on huge amounts offuel billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year.When these fuels burn they introduce bay window and other, less visible, by-productsinto the atmosphere. Although wind and rain occasionally wash away the smokegiven off by power plants and automobiles, the cumulative effect of airpollution poses a grave threat to humans and the environment. A big example ofsmog is LA you can see the smog just hovering above the city. I dont think anyhuman alive should be subject to that kind of environment. Scientists believethat all cities with populations exce eding 50,000 have some degree of airpollution. Burning garbage in open dumps causes air pollution Scientist havediscovered that over the South Pole the ozone has a high level of ozonedepletion.A computer-enhanced map, taken from satellite observations of ozone levels inthe atmosphere over the South Pole, shows the region of ozone depletion that hasbegun to appear each spring over Antarctica. ... ...sp I think that all kinds of environmental pollution can be stopped if weall use our heads and just think before we throw a piece of trash on the ground,throw it into a nearby garbage can. We should look at our Earth as a precioushuman being and treat it like it were a kid of our own. We should not trash itand take advantage of it. If we abuse our Earth now who knows how it will getback at us in the future. Saving the Earth is such a simple task, and I thinkeveryone should be involved in it rich or poor. If we dont save our Earth nowsomeday it will be to late. There are programs out there that try to save theEarth, but not enough people corporate in these programs. If more peoplesupported and joined into these programs maybe our world wouldnt be in suchdanger of dying. If our Earth dies it will surely take us all with it.BIBLIOGRAPHYEnvironmental Health, Carleson Lavonne Chelsea House Publishers, New York 1994Acid Rain, Tyson Peter Chelsea House Publishers, New York 1992Clean Water, Barass Karen Chelsea House Publishers, New York 1992"Environmental Pollution" Comptons Interactive encyclopaedia 1996"Smog" Encarta Encyclopedia 1996

Ibn Battutas 1331 Journey to West Africa Essay -- Gender Roles, Mecca

Ibn Battutas 1331 journey to West Africa provides a contrast of two worlds Battutas pre-modern Islamic civilisation conflicting with African societies interpretation of Muslim beliefs and tribal traditions. He is especially critical of the various roles of women he observesthus, allowing us insight into his own judgments formed by his culture and cabaret. A brief summary of his life is paramount in the understanding of Battutas impressions and reactions to West African society. Abu Abdallah ibn Battuta was born in Morocco in 1304. By 1325, Battuta embarked on his first hajj, or pilgrimage to the holiest Islamic city of Mecca at age twenty-one (Hamdun, King, p. 1). Although expected to complete this religious duty at to the lowest degree once in his or her lifetime, Battuta accomplished the hajj, six or seven times, each time presumably accruing divine merit (Dunn, p. xvii). Battuta was a part of the ulama, an elite group class of Muslim religious and legal scholars who, traveled t o make the hajj or to further their education in the religious sciences (Dunn, p. xii). Battuta traveled extensively for intimately thirty years, visiting around fifty countries, often multiple times (Dunn, p. ix). He chronicled his lengthy expeditions in the Rihla (Book of Travels), allowing some of the first and only written accounts of sub-Saharan Africa in the 14th century. Battutas beliefs regarding status of women in Islamic society is perhaps first alluded to in his account of the Massfa of wltan. He chides, The condition of these people is strange and their manners outlandishNone of them derives his genealogy from his father, but on the contrary, from his maternal uncle (Battuta, p. 37). Battuta disagrees with the Massfas tradition of matrilineal derive... ...and counted among his associates superior scholars, royal officials, rich merchants, and Mongol Kings (Dunn, p. ix). It is these experiences that also allow us to also extrapolate some of the realities and experience s of the pre-modern Muslim woman. It is these same experiences during this formative period of Islamic society that established and shaped the contemporary Islamic world. Today, just as Ibn Battuta was able to observe other cultures through caravans on camelback, Muslim men and women are at once exposed to various cultures in our globalized world through technology without having to travel far. And also just as Battuta, these same men and women are also experiencing the both strengthening and testing of his or her cultural and religious identity. The social constructs of Battutas era are being challenged through revolutions and uprisings throughout Islam.

The Benefits of Having a Greenhouse Essay -- Essays Papers

The Benefits of Having a GreenhouseThere are many benefits of having a greenhouse or growing space devoted to the average family home. A well-built greenhouse can utilize solar power in such a way that it becomes a positive addition to the phratry in every way. Greenhouses present an opportunity for everyone to be able to grow some of their own food, save electricity, gain practical experience, and soothe their mind and body. passim history gardens have served as a food source for families. Collecting and preserving the summer harvest provided a large part of the food for families all oer the world. The nutrients contained in vegetables and fruit are very important for good health, and can enrich financially limited diets. During World War Two the American giving medication encouraged citizens to grow Victory Gardens in their backyard. These gardens would be full of vegetables to serve families through financially difficult times.Not only do gardens provide fruits, veget ables, spices and flowers for tidy sum in time of need, but they have been proven to help relieve stress. umteen emotional care facilities have gardens where the patients can work in the soil, water, and help take care of the plants. The simple mindless effort that goes into caring for plants is soothing, and allows people to relax their mind while using their body. Patients in physical therapy are as well encouraged to work in gardens. There are many activities in gardening that can be done with little strength or flexibility. Many retirement communities have also started gardens on their property to encourage their residents to spend time caring for the plants. In areas such as Vermont the growing season is so short that the benefits of simp... ...ds the local lumberyard, and the local nursery. The reduction in petrochemical savings is important, for both financial and environmental reasons. Eating food fresh from a personal garden grown, cared for, picked and eaten by the sam e person is an enormously satisfying experience. The benefits to having a solar greenhouse are numerous, and varied. The financial, health, emotional, and environmental benefits are great, and more than enough reason to take a personal greenhouse.BibliographyEnergy Saving Urban Greenhouses for Canada. Research Branch. Agriculture Canada. Printed by Ministry of Supply and Services. Publication 1814-E. 1987.Yanda, Bill and Rick Fisher. The Food and Heat Producing solar Greenhouse. John Muir Publications, Inc. USA. 1976A Brief History of Solar Energy. April 5 1999. www.uccs.edu/energy/courses/160lectures/solhist.htm.

Affirmative Action :: Essays Papers

Affirmative ActionPresident John F. Kennedy used the phrase affirmative action in March of 1961, when he put into effect Executive Order 10925. The order required every federal contract to include the pledge that The Contractor willing not discriminate against any employee or applicant for profession because of race, creed, color, or national origin. The Contractor will take affirmative action, to ensure that applicants be employed, and that employees are treated during trading, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin.However, in 1965 President Lyndon B. Johnson felt that in order to achieve fairness more was need than just a commitment to impartial treatment. Months later, President Johnson bailiwickd Executive Order 11246, which stated that It is the policy of the Government of the United States to provide equal opportunity in federal employment for all qualified persons, to prohibit discrimination in employment because or race, creed, color or nation al origin, and to promote the full realization of equal employment opportunity through a positive, continuing program in each department and agency. Two years later, the order was amended to prohibit discrimination establish on sex. Today, it is argued that the affirmative action policy has resulted in reverse discrimination, as well as an increase in racial tension. Those in opposition know that it is undemocratic to give whizz class of citizens advantages at the expense of other citizens. They feel this policy promotes quotas rather than qualifications. They believe that discrimination on some aim is a part of everyones life and is an inescapable part of forming preferences and taste. Those in favor of affirmative action state that it is not about preferential treatment for sealed racial, gender, or ethnic groups, but rather about promoting equality and equal opportunities for everyone. Defenders feel this policy helps level the field for women and minorities that histori cally have been overlooked and discriminated against. The issue of affirmative action is a sore subject in society. I have mixed feelings on the policy it can be beneficial as well as harmful to those affected by it. As a woman in the workforce, it is reality to me that segregation based on sex does exist, as well as a wage gap. I feel that women will benefit more from a free market system rather than one controlled by government regulation. In order to meet their quota, employers will promote women and minorities too quickly or into positions, they are not qualified for.

The Daimon and Anti-Self Concepts in Per Amica Silentia Lunae by William Yeats :: Per Amica Silentia Lunae William Yeats Essays

The Daimon and Anti-Self Concepts in Per Amica Silentia Lunae by William YeatsIn July of 1914 Yeats began communicating during seances with a tang which he called his daimon, matchless king of beasts Africanus, a Renaissance geographer and traveller. At Leos request, by dint of the voice of the medium, Yeats began a written correspondence in which he would write questions and observations to Leo, and Leo would answer through Yeatss hand. This correspondence would prove influential in Yeatss evolving concept of the sources of artistic inspiration as emanating from the interaction between the physical and the aromaual worlds. This newsprint will explore the growth of the daimon concept out of Yeatss divided-self theory during his correspondence with Leo Africanus and then its explication in the 1917 Per Amica Silentia Lunae.BackgroundFrom the beginning of his literary calling Yeats, like more authors in this age of a dawning awareness of modern psychology and concept of the sub -conscious, had been fascinated with the concept of an divided self or anti-self or a self which is covered by a mask or pose. In these early John Sherman stories, the the dreamy, unsophisticated John Sherman is tempted by the elegant, citified, and utmost Church Rev. William Howard. In the Rosa Alchemica stories of 1897, we are introduced to two characters who will remain staples of Yeatss oeuvre the pious, conventional John Aherne who is educated and tempted by the mysterious Michael Robartes, with his secrets of the Order of the alchemical Rose. In On Bailes Strand (1904) the instinctive, active warrior Cuchulain struggles against the wiles of the crafty, domesticated ruler Conchubar. By the 1900s, Yeats is using the metaphor of the mask to portray this dichotomy in man. The mask, Richard Ellmann says, had come to acquire in his carcass during the first decade of this century the position which the rose had held in it during the nineties (190). In 1907 he begins The Player Qu een, in which each character seeks an antithetic self, and he introduces it with the hardcore song The Mask. Whatever exactly the mask is--an alter-ego, a heroic ideal, a protective shield--it is a metaphor for an internal struggle, a mental process. The next yard would be to give this process more cosmic implications by making the struggle involve an outside force, a representative from the spirit world who could direct one in contact with the beyond. This would happen when Yeats discovered his Daimon.The Daimon and Anti-Self Concepts in Per Amica Silentia Lunae by William Yeats Per Amica Silentia Lunae William Yeats EssaysThe Daimon and Anti-Self Concepts in Per Amica Silentia Lunae by William YeatsIn July of 1914 Yeats began communicating during seances with a spirit which he called his daimon, one Leo Africanus, a Renaissance geographer and traveller. At Leos request, through the voice of the medium, Yeats began a written correspondence in which he would write questions and observations to Leo, and Leo would answer through Yeatss hand. This correspondence would prove influential in Yeatss evolving concept of the sources of artistic inspiration as emanating from the interaction between the physical and the spiritual worlds. This paper will explore the growth of the daimon concept out of Yeatss divided-self theory during his correspondence with Leo Africanus and then its explication in the 1917 Per Amica Silentia Lunae.BackgroundFrom the beginning of his literary career Yeats, like many authors in this age of a dawning awareness of modern psychology and concept of the sub-conscious, had been fascinated with the concept of an divided self or anti-self or a self which is covered by a mask or pose. In these early John Sherman stories, the the dreamy, unsophisticated John Sherman is tempted by the elegant, citified, and High Church Rev. William Howard. In the Rosa Alchemica stories of 1897, we are introduced to two characters who will remain staples of Y eatss oeuvre the pious, conventional John Aherne who is educated and tempted by the mysterious Michael Robartes, with his secrets of the Order of the Alchemical Rose. In On Bailes Strand (1904) the instinctive, active warrior Cuchulain struggles against the wiles of the crafty, domesticated ruler Conchubar. By the 1900s, Yeats is using the metaphor of the mask to portray this dichotomy in man. The mask, Richard Ellmann says, had come to occupy in his system during the first decade of this century the position which the rose had held in it during the nineties (190). In 1907 he begins The Player Queen, in which each character seeks an antithetical self, and he introduces it with the explicit song The Mask. Whatever exactly the mask is--an alter-ego, a heroic ideal, a protective shield--it is a metaphor for an internal struggle, a psychological process. The next step would be to give this process more cosmic implications by making the struggle involve an outside force, a representative from the spirit world who could put one in contact with the beyond. This would happen when Yeats discovered his Daimon.

The Daimon and Anti-Self Concepts in Per Amica Silentia Lunae by William Yeats :: Per Amica Silentia Lunae William Yeats Essays

The Daimon and Anti-Self Concepts in Per Amica Silentia Lunae by William YeatsIn July of 1914 Yeats began communicating during seances with a spirit which he called his demon, oneness Leo Africanus, a Renaissance geographer and traveller. At Leos request, through and through the voice of the medium, Yeats began a written correspondence in which he would write questions and observations to Leo, and Leo would answer through Yeatss hand. This correspondence would get up influential in Yeatss evolving concept of the sources of artistic inspiration as emanating from the interaction between the physical and the spiritual worlds. This paper will look the growth of the daimon concept out of Yeatss divided-self theory during his correspondence with Leo Africanus and then its explication in the 1917 Per Amica Silentia Lunae.BackgroundFrom the beginning of his literary c areer Yeats, like many authors in this hop on of a dawning awareness of modern psychology and concept of the sub-conscio us, had been fascinated with the concept of an divided self or anti-self or a self which is cover by a mask or pose. In these early John Sherman stories, the the dreamy, unsophisticated John Sherman is tempted by the elegant, citified, and High Church Rev. William Howard. In the Rosa Alchemica stories of 1897, we are introduced to two characters who will remain staples of Yeatss oeuvre the pious, conventional John Aherne who is educated and tempted by the mysterious Michael Robartes, with his secrets of the Order of the Alchemical Rose. In On Bailes Strand (1904) the instinctive, lively warrior Cuchulain struggles against the wiles of the crafty, domesticated ruler Conchubar. By the 1900s, Yeats is using the metaphor of the mask to portray this dichotomy in man. The mask, Richard Ellmann says, had come to occupy in his musical arrangement during the first hug drug of this century the position which the rose had held in it during the nineties (190). In 1907 he begins The Player Qu een, in which each character seeks an antithetical self, and he introduces it with the limpid song The Mask. whatever exactly the mask is--an alter-ego, a heroic ideal, a protective shield--it is a metaphor for an internal struggle, a psychological process. The next stair would be to bind this process more cosmic implications by making the struggle involve an outside force, a representative from the spirit world who could pose one in contact with the beyond. This would happen when Yeats discovered his Daimon.The Daimon and Anti-Self Concepts in Per Amica Silentia Lunae by William Yeats Per Amica Silentia Lunae William Yeats EssaysThe Daimon and Anti-Self Concepts in Per Amica Silentia Lunae by William YeatsIn July of 1914 Yeats began communicating during seances with a spirit which he called his daimon, one Leo Africanus, a Renaissance geographer and traveller. At Leos request, through the voice of the medium, Yeats began a written correspondence in which he would write ques tions and observations to Leo, and Leo would answer through Yeatss hand. This correspondence would prove influential in Yeatss evolving concept of the sources of artistic inspiration as emanating from the interaction between the physical and the spiritual worlds. This paper will explore the growth of the daimon concept out of Yeatss divided-self theory during his correspondence with Leo Africanus and then its explication in the 1917 Per Amica Silentia Lunae.BackgroundFrom the beginning of his literary career Yeats, like many authors in this age of a dawning awareness of modern psychology and concept of the sub-conscious, had been fascinated with the concept of an divided self or anti-self or a self which is covered by a mask or pose. In these early John Sherman stories, the the dreamy, unsophisticated John Sherman is tempted by the elegant, citified, and High Church Rev. William Howard. In the Rosa Alchemica stories of 1897, we are introduced to two characters who will remain staple s of Yeatss oeuvre the pious, conventional John Aherne who is educated and tempted by the mysterious Michael Robartes, with his secrets of the Order of the Alchemical Rose. In On Bailes Strand (1904) the instinctive, active warrior Cuchulain struggles against the wiles of the crafty, domesticated ruler Conchubar. By the 1900s, Yeats is using the metaphor of the mask to portray this dichotomy in man. The mask, Richard Ellmann says, had come to occupy in his system during the first decade of this century the position which the rose had held in it during the nineties (190). In 1907 he begins The Player Queen, in which each character seeks an antithetical self, and he introduces it with the explicit song The Mask. Whatever exactly the mask is--an alter-ego, a heroic ideal, a protective shield--it is a metaphor for an internal struggle, a psychological process. The next step would be to give this process more cosmic implications by making the struggle involve an outside force, a represen tative from the spirit world who could put one in contact with the beyond. This would happen when Yeats discovered his Daimon.

Captains of Industry Vs. Robber Barons

John Davidson Rockefeller was once the worlds richest person. He made his money in the oil business and later became a famous philanthropist. Rockefeller was natural in Richford, N. Y. When he was 14 years old, his family moved to Cleveland. Rockefeller started work as a clerk at a small produce firm. He consequently formed a partnership in a grain commission house. He used the profits from that to enter the oil business at 23. At that time, the production of oil and refining was a little organization. Rockefeller set out to make the industry orderly and efficient.Fifteen years later, he achieved his goal of having oil products flux from producer to consumer controlled by one companyThe model Oil Company. Standard Oil, which was established in 1870, grew out of several oil companies owned by Rockefeller, his junior brother William, and some associates. Rockefeller also concentrated on transportation. He built tank cars and distribution systems. In 1882, Rockefeller organized the Standard Oil Trust. He indeed controlled almost all U. S. oil refining and distribution and much of the worlds oil trade.The immensity of Rockefellers holdings and public criticism of his business methods caused the Ohio Supreme Court to dissolve the Standard Oil Trust in 1892. From 1895 to 1897, Rockefeller gradually retired from active business. By that time, he had started charitable activities. He helped found the University of Chicago in 1890, and by 1910 his gifts to that organization total $35 million. Rockefeller spent the rest of his life establishing the foundations through which he gave his money to the public.

Employee Resourcing and Development Essay

Employee resourcing and development is essential to all boldnesss and passing contri providedes towards the governments success. Employee resourcing is the part of human resource worry which foc presents on the enlisting and release of individualistics from governing and the circumspection of their consummation and possible while employed by the organisation (Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2010). Employee development is the carry by & facilitation of learning and knowledge that support line of merchandise goals, develop individual potential and respect and build on diversity (Harrison, R., 2009). Employee resourcing and development peck significantly add look on to an organisation and help to cement the HR business confederacy, and this essay impart critically analyse the extent to which resourcing and development activities do so.Absence ManagementEmployee absence levels can gull corporeal forbid impacts on organisations and therefore it is becoming increasingly universa l to see organisations introducing new, or revising existing, absence management programmes. A study from CIPD fix that the yearly median cost of absence per employee was 595 (CIPD, 2013) costing the UK economy 17 billion per year (ACAS, 2010). If an employee is abstracted from create it is exceedingly plausibly that the organisation will be faced with both direct and indirect costs. Direct costs being those associated with the hiring of, and paying for, temporary supply while the particular employee(s) ar absent (ACAS, 2010) statutory Sick Pay if the employee is absent for 4 or much(prenominal) days in a row occupational throw pay, if it is part of the particular organisations equipment casualty and conditions (GOV.UK, 2013). Secondly, indirect costs are those related to low morale amongst remaining colleagues, who may be expected to make on extra responsibilities as a result of the absence decreased customer satisfaction, if temporary members of staff are non adequa tely knowledgeable in particular areas of customer interest rock-bottom reputation with both customers and potential employees, potentially affecting future business decreased performance and productivity, as a result of demotivation of remaining colleagues and lack of staff in relation to employmentload. All of which can significantly impact upon organisational efficiency and soundness(Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2009). Efficient absence management can reduce the detrimental do that employee absence can have on an organisation, and can as well as be seen to add up towards added hold dear. The study carried out by CIPD found that return-to- bailiwick interviews and generalisation mechanisms are class-conscious among the most effectuateive approaches for managing short-term absence (CIPD, 2013). A return-to-work interview is a crucial part of an absence management programme welcoming employees back to work following their absence and checking that the employee is well enough to re turn to work (ACAS, 2010). If an employee returns to work before being fully recovered there is the chance that the employee will take extended to return to full health, reducing productivity and potentially resulting in them being absent again in the near future, and by chance for a longer period. There is overly the risk that they could pass on their illness to other colleagues resulting in further absences (Robson, 2006) and further impacts on productivity.Read more Essay on Developing and Assessing EmployeesThe return-to-work interview also throw in the towels organisations to identify the cause of the employees absence and to assess whether their absence was work-related (ACAS, 2010). This then modifys the organisation to take steps to prevent the uniform employee, or other employees, being absent for similar reasons in the future this may include training updates in health and safety for compositors case. The cost of such(prenominal)(prenominal) changes will be potenti ally outweighed by the attains, by reducing employee absence levels in the long-term. A return-to-work interview may also outline the underlying reasons for absence, such as the employee having to take keeping of an elderly relative (ACAS, 2010). In these circumstances an organisation may decide to develop different working arrangements with that particular employee, for example on the table working. Flexible working allows the organisation to fit some the employees schedule, potentially reducing the number of days that the employee needs to take off work unexpectedly as a result of their circumstances thus reducing the negative impact that unexpected absences can have on productivity and associated costs. It also enables organisations to plan ahead if they know that a particular employee is going to be off work then they can recruit temporary/part-time staff to fill in on these days reducing the impact that the extra workload could have on colleagues stress levels and allows t he organisation to maintain levels of productivity.The effectiveness of flexible working and the extent to whichit adds value, however, relies heavily on whether or not it is valued by the employees themselves (Hodge, 2009) therefore this should be investigated prior to it being implemented. As previously mentioned trigger mechanisms, such as the Bradford Factor is also found to have an overwhelmingly affirmatory impact on absence (CIPD, 2013, p. 31). The Bradford Factor is a mechanism for exercising weight frequency of sickness absence (Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2009 p. 340). Such management techniques of monitoring absence change magnitude productivity and reduce levels of absenteeism which in the long-term will reduce organisational costs, resulting in increase profit. A study looking into the impact of positive intervention in absence management found that trigger mechanisms reduced absenteeism, especially if sick pay was withdrawn or there was the threat of disciplinary action (B aker-McClearn, et al., 2010). However, this was also found to contribute to low morale, lack of commitment to work, stress and anguish (Baker-McClearn, et al., 2010), all of which could potentially lead to reduced productivity resulting in increased costs. There was also a close link found between the use of trigger mechanisms and increasing levels of presenteeism (Baker-McClearn, D. et al., 2010). Presenteeism can be used to describe people who, notwithstanding ill health are still turning up at their job (Unison. 1999, as cited in Baker-McClearn, et al., p. 311). For example, employees would come into work feeling unwell as, one, they couldnt afford to remain absent if not receiving sick pay and two, they were panicky of the consequences disciplinary action would bring. This has severe impacts upon productivity, with realizeings showing that productivity drops from 75% on normal days to 55% on sick days (Newcombe, T., 2013). Therefore, although the Bradford Factor is effective in reducing absenteeism, it is questionable whether the benefits of this outweigh the negative impacts on the employee and the impacts that presenteeism can have on the organisation. As previously mentioned, HR aims to change employee productivity through and through absence management. This consequently alters employee performance, which contributes towards organisational objectives, such as improving performance potentially leading to increased profit margins. Therefore the alignment of the HR practitioners objectives with the business managers objectives helps to reinforce the business partnership with both partners working together to strike organisational objectives.Employee Well-BeingEmployee well-being has been defined by CIPD as creating an environment to promote a state of contentment which allow employees to flourish and achieve their full potential for the benefit of themselves and their organisation (Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2009, p. 416). It is becoming increasingly com mon to see organisations adopting measures designed to promote employee health and well-being as organisational researchers have found that dysfunctional employee well-being can have widespread costs for the organisation (W effective & Chuang, 2012). For instance, employee well-being strategies aim to create a healthier workforce which consequently leads to reduced absence levels. Therefore, as a result, this then leads to a reduction in the significant financials costs related to employee absence (Bevan, S., 2010). Employee well-being also aims to target long-term absence related to depression and anxiety both of which prove to be more complex and costly to manage, and have more significant consequences for employers (Bevan, S., 2010, p. 11). Therefore, it is likely that the costs of implementing such well-being policies will be outweighed by the significant savings and increased added value that will be seen as a result. These measures have not only been found to positively influe nce an employees health and well-being, but also to add value to an organisation through improved employee productivity and commitment (Bevan, S., 2010). As previously mentioned, well-being can have a positive impact on absence levels which as a result improves employee productivity. Macdonald (2005) also suggested that well-being strategies contributed towards employee morale, increased levels of productivity and employee retention (Pilbeam, & Corbridge, 2009). Research has also gone onto to find that there is a significant link between employee well-being and job performance, workplace accidents, customer engagement, quality defects and profitability. Job performance has been found to be highly correlated with employee well-being in a number of organisational studies (Thomas, et al, 2012).Absence management is one way in which performance can be improved deep down all organisations, particularly within the domiciliary care sector. With government cut backs and managements time be ing constrained, absence management schemes can often be overlooked, resulting in high levels of absenteeism. As previously mentioned, the Bradford factor has been found tohave an overwhelmingly positive impact on absence (CIPD, 2013, p. 31) and is one way that domiciliary care businesses could monitor absence effectively and efficiently, without taking up too much of managements time and without incurring substantial costs. Return-to-work interviews will also enable management to identify the key reasons behind the absence, allowing management to take steps to potentially prevent absence of the same reason occurring again. Both techniques will in theory reduce absenteeism as employees will be aware that their absence is being monitored, and so they will be less likely to be absent from work as frequently therefore overall increasing organisational performance.Recruitment and SelectionRecruitment is the process of generating a mob of capable people to apply for employment to an or ganisation and excerpt is the process by which managers and others use specific instruments to choose from a pool of applicants a person or persons more likely to succeed in the job(s) (Braton and Gold, 2007, as cited by French & Rumbles, 2010). The enlisting and selection process is fundamental to the functioning of an organisation (Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2006, p. 155), and it is also said that the success of an organisation depends on having the right number of staff, with the right skills and abilities (ACAS, 2010, p. 3). Therefore, the right enlisting and selection procedures are crucial to an organisation finding the best candidate for the job.RecruitmentThe recruitment process is extremely important when it comes to adding value to an organisation in the long-term. Poor recruitment processes which result in the wrong candidate being selected for the job can be very expensive for an organisation in terms of employee turnover, organisational costs and employee morale (ACAS, 20 10). Good recruitment can significantly contribute to effective organisational performance, to nice employee relations, and to a positive public image (Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2010, p. 156). The first step in the recruitment process is to create an effective job description and job specification. It is decisive that the skills and competencies outlined within the person specification are accurate inrelation to the needs of the job. If this is not the case then there is the chance that an individual will be employed with false expectations, potentially resulting in them not performing as well as was originally intended (ACAS, 2010). In worse cases, the employee may lose faith in the organisation and leave to work for potential contenders, taking with them the training they have received. Not only is this is a decamp of an organisations time, money and resources all of which can be potentially avoided if an organisation has an effective recruitment procedure in place but it can als o have an impact on existing employees morale. For example, it can be demotivating for existing employees to see new employees coming and going within a short space of time. The process of recruiting and training new employees can also be lengthy, in which time colleagues will potentially be expected to take on extra responsibilities possibly impacting upon employee productivity and overall organisational performance. Over recent years online recruitment has become increasingly popular. Online recruitment shortens the recruitment cycle (Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2010), which can be of great benefit to some organisations who find that their lengthy recruitment process can result in them losing potential candidates (CIPD, 2013). A survey carried out by Chapman and Webster (2003) also found that most organisations (within the USA) that used technology based recruitment and selection techniques, did so because they found that they added value in terms of improved efficiency, reduced costs an d increased the number of potential candidates. This improved efficiency and reduced costs will potentially allow organisations to increase their profit margins, and by widening the applicant pool the organisation has a greater chance of finding the right candidate for the job. However, although this method of recruitment generates a high volume of candidates, it does not necessarily conceive that these candidates possess the relevant skills or attitudes required for the job. It is also particularly important that the recruitment and selection process is fair. The employer must recognise that it has a sound compact to make sure that they do not unlawfully discriminate against potential candidates during the recruitment and selection process (ACAS, 2010). In ensuring this, an organisation reduces its risk of facing legal costs that may be incurred if it were to be seen to demonstrate unlawful recruitment and selection procedures improving the organisations reputationand therefore a dding value. For example, if an organisation is seen to operate ethically and value equality then it is likely that the organisation will see an increase in their customer base and also in the number of candidates wanting to work for the organisation increasing the likelihood of the organisation finding the right person for the job.SelectionInappropriate selection decisions reduce organisational effectiveness, invalidate reward and development strategies, are frequently unfair on the individual recruit and can be and can be distressing for managers who have to deal with unsuitable employees (Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2010, p. 155). Therefore, it is important that the selection process is carried out effectively, ensuring the best candidate is chosen for the job. The selection process not only produces a shortlist of applicants for the interviewing stage, but it also provides the organisation with feedback in regards to their job advertising and the application form. This will help impro ve the organisations future recruitment and selection procedures, do the process of finding the right candidate more effective therefore saving organisational time and reducing any potential costs associated with ineffective selection procedures. It is essential that the selection process gains the commitment of managers and supervisors, by involving them in the process of selecting a candidate (ACAS, 2010). The managers and supervisors will have first-hand knowledge and experience and therefore will know what it is they need in future employees, making the process of selecting the best person for the job more effective. This again will add value to the organisation, as if the right person is selected for the organisation then it is highly likely that they will perform well, potentially improving organisational performance overall. The involvement of the managers and supervisors will also help settle the new employee into the organisation, making them feel homely within their new role potentially reducing employee turnover levels and the costs associated with this. The involvement between HR and business managers throughout recruitment and selection also helps to reinforce the business partnership. This involvement ensures that recruitment and selection is carried out in line with the organisations strategy ensuring that the candidate selectedcontributes to organisational objectives. Recruitment and selection can be an place within a lot of organisations, in particular those within the domiciliary care sector. Domiciliary care tends to involve very demanding work, and due to ineffective selection techniques the wrong candidates are selected for the jobs therefore resulting in high levels of employee turnover. Psychometric testing is one selection technique that would allow domiciliary care businesses to assess the personalities of potential candidates improving decision-making and allowing managers to develop more informed and accurate perceptions about th e ability and potential of individuals (CIPD, 2009, as cited in Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2010, p. 202). This will help ensure the right candidate is chosen reducing employee turnover and any associated costs, and improving employee morale and productivity therefore enhancing overall organisational performance within this sector.Talent ManagementTalent management is the systematic attraction, identification, development, engagement, retention and deployment of those individuals who are of particular value to an organisation. These individuals make a difference to organisational performance either through their immediate contribution or, in the longer-term, by demonstrating the highest levels of potential (CIPD, 2013). Talent management has become an increasingly common practice within a lot of organisations, due to a weakening economic climate which has put pressure on organisations to cut costs and increase efficiency and productivity (CIPD, 2013). In the current climate having a rigo rous, cyclical, ongoing process around Talent Management can be a key differentiator between success and failure (Couch, 2012). Talent has been seen to add value to organisations, particularly as giving management has become integral in engaging employees in the organisation, if practiced effectively (Morton, 2005, p. 11, as cited in Hughes & Rog, 2008, p. 746). Engaged employees are committed to the organisation and therefore will be less likely to leave this as a result minimises employee turnover and any associated costs. Towers Perrin (2003) supports this idea, as he found that 66 percent of highly engaged employees plan to stay with their current employers, compared to only 12 percent of disengaged employees. It is alsomore likely to see higher levels of performance from engaged employees potentially improving customer service and productivity, as well as increasing sales and profits (Hughes, J. C. & Rog, E., 2008).Effective talent management also ensures organisations can suc cessfully attract and retain talent, reducing the risk of talent leaving the organisation or being employed by a competitor thus allowing organisations to gain a competitive advantage. Organisations that focus on retaining talented individuals are also able to add value through reduced recruitment and training costs as a result of not having to recruit talent externally, or develop talent internally. Retention of talent also reduces the negative impact employee turnover can have on organisational productivity and employee morale which in turn can potentially have a consequential effect on profit margins (Chitakasem, N., 2011). There is evidence, however, to suggest that talent management doesnt always add value to organisations. Lewis and Heckman (2006) argued that improvements in bottom line results prove to be temporary, despite an ongoing commitment to talent in the organisation (as cited in Hughes & Rog, 2008, p. 745). Therefore, it is important organisations evaluate the effec tiveness of their talent management scheme as this can contribute highly to its success, enabling them to maximise their return on investment (CIPD, 2009). Also, a focus on external recruitment and retention of high talent employees could increase competition amongst internal candidates, consequently discouraging teamwork lead to existing employees feeling undervalued, resulting in increased turnover redirect training and development from those employees who may be struggling to those who are capable, reduce performance of those who dont receive training and ignore fixing cultural or other systematic issues which disable employee performance (Hughes & Rog, 2008). Whelan & Carcary (2001) also say that those employees who are not seen to be key talent can become demotivated as a result of them feeling ungrateful within the organisation leading to falls in productivity and potentially negatively affecting profit margins. Therefore, in some cases, talent management may not always add value the extent to which talent management adds value can depend on how well the organisation manages those employees who are not seen to be key talent. Organisations implementing talentmanagement programmes may also experience resistance from some employees as talent management makes their performance more visible to employers and creates a direct link between future career opportunities within the organisation and rewards (Little, B. 2010). Resistance from employees will likely have a thump on effect on productivity, resulting in profit margins being affected again affecting the extent to which talent management can add value to an organisation. Overall, talent management, if managed effectively, can significantly add value to an organisation. Maximising employee performance and productivity, improving employee retention, and increasing the flexibility of employees etc. all contribute towards an organisations success.However, the business partnership plays a significant role in the extent to which talent management can add value within an organisation. A survey carried out by the Corporate Executive Boards Corporate Leadership Council (CLC) discovered that HR must effectively partner with business line management to pull talent outcomes (Martin, 2010). It is important that line managers work with HR practitioners so as to ensure that talent management is directed in the right areas of the organisation and that it is aligned with strategic goals. The HR practitioner must also be knowledgeable of the organisations objectives so as to implement talent management programmes that will contribute towards achieving these goals. As a result, this will potentially help to reinforce the business partnership, encouraging HR to work in partnership with the business leaders to improve its performance and future success. Talent management can be beneficial for many organisations in terms of developing and retaining talented employees so as to improve organisational per formance. The domiciliary care, as previously mentioned, has problems with employee retention and therefore talent management could be one way of addressing this issue. Appraisals could be used to assess employees performance, and allow managers to identify talent within the organisation, and the training needs (Pilbeam & Corbridge, 2010). Managers can then support and mentor talented employees through further training programmes (CIPD, 2013), such as National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs). This support will contribute towards employees feeling valued within the organisation, and this along with the increased knowledge and motivation will help to improve employee performance which as a result willpotentially improve employee retention and the overall performance of the organisation.In conclusion, absence management, recruitment and selection, and talent management, if effectively managed and implemented, can improve organisational performance. Absence management was found to redu ce the negative costs associated with absenteeism, and improve employee morale and productivity. Effective recruitment and selection was found to improve the chances of finding the right person for the job therefore increasing employee performance and reducing employee turnover. Finally, talent management was found to increase employee engagement and motivation through mentoring, and improve employee performance and retention through development. Therefore all three resourcing and development activities contribute towards improving organisational performance, consequently adding value to the organisation. Finally, the aim of human resources to achieve organisational goals through these resourcing and development activities helps to contribute towards cementing the business partnership.ReferencesGOV.UK. (2013). Statutory Sick Pay (SSP). Accessed 17th November 2013 https//www.gov.uk/statutory-sick-pay Newcombe, T. (23 May 2013). Stress and presenteeism sapping UK productivity, says re search. HR Magazine. Retrieved from http//www.hrmagazine.co.uk/hro/news/1077290/stress-presenteeism-sapping-uk-productivity-research Baker-McClearn, D. et al. (2010). Absence management and presenteeism the pressures on employees to attend work and the impact of attendance on performance. Human Resource Management Journal. 20 (3), 311328. doi 10.1111/j.1748-8583.2009.00118.x Robson, F. (2006). How to manage absence effectively. CIPD. Retrieved from http//www.cipd.co.uk/pm/peoplemanagement/b/weblog/archive/2006/08/88/howtomanageabsence-2006-08.aspx Hemsley, S. (2011). Absence How does it affect the workplace and what can employers do about it? HR Magazine. Retrieved from http//www.hrmagazine.co.uk/hr/features/1019816/absence-how-affect-workplace-employers Howarth, J. (2005). Absence management. Strategic Direction, 21

Frequent Shopper Program For Kudler Fine Foods Essay

For this type of endeavor there are a a few(prenominal) keepsakes that need to be considered before moving ahead with the project. The first and most important is how the points are divergence to be earned and tracked. Next is how are the guests going to check the balance of their points, and lastly how are they going to redeem those points once they are earned. In this proposal I intend to outline a equate of different options along with the benefits of each option.For your customers you need to mother in place a way to differentiate who is making the purchase. This is best handled with a loyalty card. This is similar a credit card that stores your customers discipline and is not accessible by anyone outside of the store. This card will keep track of the purchases make by the customer in order to offer them the best coupons as well as notify them when items they frequently purchase go on sale, or come in stock. This is a great way to market to your customers. If we expand on this idea we can integrate a point establishment as well for the customer using the loyalty card. Customers can opt out of the loyalty card and still shop and they run the venture of not earning the point and may miss out on specials. This allows you to reward customers without restricting your customers. Since this card would contain the customers personal information such as address, E-Mail, phone, and demographic information you can use it for a variety of other applications as well. The best feature of this would bethat by creating an online account the customer could take a crap a digital receipt rather than a paper one, they could track and view their past purchases, and monitor their earned points as well as redeem them online.Now that we have a way to track the purchase and issue the points we need to develop the point system for the customers. For this there are a number of options that are available. separately has advantages and disadvantages. I will cover most of t hem in the section that follows. Option 1You can base the points off the amount spent by the customer on each order. This would give you a wide range of flexibility while maintaining a ridged system. This type of program would need to have a minimum start point that could potentially cause some purchases not to be considered valid. There would also need to be a maximum push down off point so the points do continue to increase. A example is listed in the table below. This method would keep the points uniform and easy to track.Option 2This option is centered on the actual items purchased not the value of the items. For this one to work you would have to set a point value for every item in the store this would net be a uniform system but it would be a more exact and specific point system for the customers. By setting the points this way you are honor the customers for not only spending money in yourstore but you are also rewarding them for what they are purchasing. In this plan you ca n set up special buys for the customer like double point on certain items during certain posting times of the year. This will actually help to increase sales on those items along with allow the customer to purchase other items as well.Option 3This final option is focused more on the frequency of shipping not the value of the items or even the items themselves. In this option you are awarded points for frequency of shopping. You are given so many points each time you shop up to a set value each day. This would keep customers shopping but may lead to lower value purchases spread over longer period of time. By using this option you do run a risk of having customers stop in multiple times and purchase only a couple of items each time in order to maximize the points earned.For each of the options listed to a higher place there would be a focus group set up of 10 15 customers they would be the beta group for each option at the end of the test period we would request their input based o n their experience withthe program, how the point added up, and how easy it was to understand the process. If an option is not met with successful feedback hence it would be retest after making adjustment to the option. In this type of situation there is often time a lot of trial and error to get a process that works for both the customer and the store. Once the perfect plan has been found the implementation of the plan would be fairly quick.BibliographyKudler ok Foods Intranet. (2007, 2010, 2011). Retrieved 07 22, 2012, from Kudler Fine Foods https//ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/intranet/index.asp

Wal-Mart Case Study

In 2005, it created jobs for more than 1. 5 million people worldwide. In the unite States this number is 1. 3 million. each year, Wall- Mart distributes 2% gross national product in US with estimated $300 billion annual sales. After nearly a half of a century, it quiet borrows Sam Walton philosophy to provide low price for customers every day (Stank & Stank, 2009). In 2006, this organization has slipped to number two after a solid problem.This case convey grey-haired show these unethical issues that Wall-Mart faced m both years from 2001 to 2006, including off-the-clock work. Sexual discrimination, wellness benefits, union, and using illegal aliens and child labor. In 2000, the main unethical of Wall-Mart shows in this case is the off-the-clock work that the employees were enforced on the job(p) overtime In the Wall-Mart stores. From 11 states In 2001 that was pending lawsuits against Wall-Mart the number of states had change magnitude even 28 after one year (Satanist & Sat anist, 2009).The store managers had required the employee check UT their time card, while they were working at night and locked inner(a) the stores. Mevery emergencies happened without any help because the managers were not around to open the door. These Wall-Mart activities show that this organization is breaking the law when enforced Its employees working more time without any payment while the managers went out earlier. Sexual discrimination Is another unethical Issue that Wall-Mart faced in 2001. In fact, the percentage of male employees who were promoted to management is little than female employees.According to Satanist and Stank (2009), there are sixty-five percent women employees of the hourly worker, but women who stand on management position Just only cardinal percent at Wall-Mart. Some employee claimed that, Wall-Mart gave these Job opportunities to men because the men had to feed their family, whereas women Just want to make some extra money (Stank & Stank, 2009). Th ere are clearly things that Wall-Mart were not fair with women who daily worked for this organization. This activity should be considered and adjusted to fit with the new situation.Wall-Mart was blamed that provided many policies reduce cost of wellness care. This heap provided the health benefit programs for its employee, but somehow many employees cannot pay or payable but less benefit. Normally, all companies In the united States spend number $ 5,646 per user for health care than the average rate (Satanist & Satanist, 2009). This is considered unethical issue in Wall-Mart when this organization is largest retailer in the world. In addition, Wall- Mart has used states health benefits program to instead its own payment it was not responsible action of a unsound corporation.Many employees and their family could not allow Wall-Marts health care program, they return to Medicaid a states health care program. Marshlands law stated that the company had to pay at least 8 percent of pa yroll costs per user health insurance, nor the exit amount actual pair and percentage must be passed to Marshlands Medicaid fund (Satanist & Satanist, 2009). Wall-Mart had changed its health care policy and reported increasing the percentage up to 8 percent, however, only 47. 5% employees can approach Wall-Marts health care insurance (Satanist & Satanist, 2009).Keep the labor cost as low as possible seem snap with its philosophy everyday low prices because if the labor cost increase that means this philosophy would no longer right. That also was the problem that Wall- Mart faced in globalization. That is why Wall-Mart disbanded the meat department and nearly 180 other stores when the employees became unionized (Satanist & Satanist, 2009). In fact, if employees become a member of a union, they would get a quite a little of support from this community to fight for their right benefits.However, Wall-Mart had to allow unions in protected of China government because if they not allow they old lose a forget me drug of resources such as material, merchandise, low labor cost, and series of suppliers, etc. Other issues at Wall-Mart stores are using illegal aliens working for the company. Although Wall-Mart knows exactly if it uses these employees they are against the law. However, Wall-Mart has go on to hire illegal aliens from the outside employment agency for cleaning. This company has agreed to caution for this issue $11 million, four times higher than normal charge by another corporation (Satanist & Satanist, 2009).Wall-Mart used child labors and violated child labor laws. The result of the audit showed that Wall-Mart used employees under eighteen years old for working at night, on school hour, and more than 8 hours per day (Satanist & Satanist, 2009). Not at all, this company also used child labor in the dangerous Job such as chain saw and cardboard balers. Once again, Wall-Mart has broken the law in many states. In 2005, the International excavate Rights F und filed a lawsuit against Wall-Mart with series of violating labor laws in five countries Swaziland, Indonesia, China, Bangladesh, and Nicaragua (Satanist & Satanist, 2009).The violations include irking overtime without payment, preventing any effort to have a union, and locked in working time. The study reason that making Wall-Mart supplier broken the laws is Wall-Mart was not enforcing the companys code of conduct with its suppliers (Satanist & Satanist, 2009). After a series of unethical issues during few years, Wall- Mart shows that it is still the big company where it provided the cooperation to repair and troubleshoot its problems quickly. Wall-Mart has acknowledged its issues and step-by-step solve them making ethical decisions, changing management methods, ND charging for all people who directly impacted.In conclusion, responsibilities of the big corporation should always do the right thing, and fixes every issue ethically to making the better reputation. The discuss ques tions that more clearly about this case depicted object 1 . Are the ethical issues Wall-Mart faces really any different from other large retailers? The largest retailer faces this these ethical issues that means many target for any associate and naturally the ethical issues become a sensitive problem. In additional, Wall-Mart cannot hire its problem, because of million employees who irking on thousands of stores.Wall-Mart might be a good case study for other corporations who are facing ethical issues. 2. Wall-Mart officials have stated that they dont feel women are interested in management positions at the company. Do you agree or disagree? I disagree with this point of Wall-Mart. Women are much more holding the key position in the company. It shows a fact that women also do the same things as much as men can do. I do not see any reason to reject the opportunity to post the management positions of women at work. The world is changing, women as no longer Just take care their famil y, they also are great people in the business. . Wall-Mart is continually criticized for its health-care policy. Is this really an ethical issue? Why or why not? This is considered unethical issue in Wall-Mart because the health cares that Wall-Mart provides to their employees are not fitted with a world- pattern company. In additional, Wall-Mart has used states health benefits program to instead its own payment it was not responsible action off big corporation. Many employees and their family could not follow Wall-Marts health care program, they turn to Medicaid a states health care program.Billion of revenue that the company could get is based on its employees distribution. Pay more money for health care also kind of investment, and I guessed that the return of this is greater than the profit, including loyalty, employees effort, and good companys image. 4. Should Wall-Mart be concerned about unionization of stores since allowing unionization of workers in China? The major reaso n the make Wall-Mart allow unionizing in China not start from its expectation. However, this is a good signal for a ewe revolution in many Wall-Mart stores worldwide.In America, if any store starts to form a union the store could face many problems from Wall-Mart managers. This would change because of no former union are not fair for United States employees. The union would keep fighting the employees right benefit. On the other hand, my opinion, United States government should protect the union like China government that also protects the American labors. Reference Satanist, P. A. , & Satanist, S. D. (2009). Understanding business ethics (1st deed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.

Concepts of Electrostasis

Why do you suppose this is so? -Outer electrons are in general bound with the nucleus beca intention of their larger distance from the nucleus, so they can be easily stripped off. In the case of the inner electrons, the opposite is true. They are more(prenominal) tightly bound because their closer to the nucleus, so they are more difficult to re range them. 52) You are not harmed by contact with a charged metallic element ball, even though its voltage may be rattling high. Is the reason similar to why you are not harmed by the rater than 1 ICC sparks from a fourthly of July sparkler? halt your answer in terms of the energies that are involved. Yes. The reason is similar, because the amount of energies involved in both cases is very small. Chapter 23 Electric flow rate 46) In the circuit shown, how do the chics Of the identical lightships compare? Which bulb draws the most current? What will happen if medulla ob spaciousata A is unscrewed? If Bulb C is unscrewed? -The brightne ss of Bulb A and Bulb B will be the same, while Bulb C will be twice as Bulbs A or B. Bulb C draws the most current. When Bulb A is unscrewed, Bulb C will glow as it had and Bulb B will not glow. If Bulb C is unscrewed, Bulb A and Bulb B will glow at the same brightness.Chapter 24 Magnetism 15) One way to make a compass is to stick a magnetized hassle into a piece of cork and float it in a glass bowl full of water. The needle will align itself with the horizontal component of Earths magnetic field. Since the north pole of this compass is attracted northward, will the needle float toward the north side of the bowl? Defend your answer. -The needle will point toward the northward direction however, it will not eve towards the northward side since the forces acting on the needle balances to each one another(prenominal) Out, remaining at rest. 3) In a mass spectrometer, ions are directed into a magnetic field, where they curve and strike a detector. If a variety of by the piece union ized atoms travel at the same speed through the magnetic field, would you expect them all to be deflected by the same amount, or would different ions be bent different amounts? Defend your answers. -Deflection of ions by magnetic fields solely depends upon their charge/ mass ratio. This is different for different ions. Chapter 25 Electromagnetic Induction 2) A certain simple earthquake detector consists of a little box firmly anchored to Earth.Suspended inside the box is a massive magnet that is surrounded by stationary coils of wire fastened to the bode. Explain how this device works, applying two important principles of physics-?one studied in Chapter 2 and the other in this chapter. -When an earthquake occurs, stationary coils inside the detector begin to vibrate and a relative motion between the coils and magnets is generated. The motion of the coils induces voltage into the coils. As a result, the intensity of the earthquake is recorded. ) A length of wire is bent into a closed loop and a magnet is plunged into it, inducing a voltage and, consequently, a current in the wire. A second length of wire, twice as long, is bent into two loops of wire, and a magnet is similarly plunged into it. Twice the voltage is induced, exclusively the current is the same as that produced in the single loop. Why? -The voltage induced is directly proportional to the number Of loops Of the wire. Resistance is directly proportional to the length of the wire as long as all other parameters are constant in the formula R=PL/A.The second wire has wise the length and twice the number of turns than the rootage wire. 43) The metal wing of an airplane acts like a wire flying through Earths magnetic field. A voltage is induced between the wing tips, and a current flows along the wing but only for a short time. Why does the current stop even though the airplane contain use flying through Earths magnetic field? -The current stops even though the airplane continues to fly through the Ear ths magnetic field, because the losses which occurred when a motor operates a generator and when the voltage is stepped up by a transformer is not considered.After the completion of each cycle, the energy outputted decreases due to the losses in the motor, the generator, and the transformer. Therefore, this will stop. Chapter 32 The Atom and the Quantum 6) Why does classical physics predict that atoms should collapse? -According to classical physics, an accelerated charged particle emits radiation. An electron that is orbiting the nucleus should radiate energy and move into a spiral path that ends at the nucleus. Therefore, atoms should collapse from a classical physics description. 28) When and where do Newtons laws of motion and quantum mechanics overlap?When the size of the system is very large compared to the De Brogue wavelength, the Newtons laws of motion and quantum mechanics overlap. Chapter 33 The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity 16) Two protons in an atomic nucleus repel each other, but they are also attracted to each other. Explain. -Two protons in an atomic nucleus repel each other and also attract each Other, because of Coulomb Repulsion. The protons repel each other however, due to a strong nuclear force, they also attract each other. 47) Why is carbon dating ineffective in finding the ages of dinosaur cram?

Bradman’s Last Innings Context

BRADMANS LAST INNINGS CONTEXT Sir Donald Bradman, born in 1908, is the most renowned and respected of Australian cricketers who, although of retiring demeanour, come through heroic stature in the interwar period and captained Australia in test matches against England from 1936 to 1948. He represents an era, long gone, when sportsmen were gentlemen and the love of a game, not dubious star status and huge financial rewards, was the inducement to play.In this way, too, he represents an Australia that has now receded into the romantic past, when the kind of man he was and the principles he espoused embodied a unified nations beliefs about itself an understated confidence, charge in hard times, a sense of fair play and a simplicity (sophisticates, today, would say a simplemindedness) about life and its purposes. The affection of that society for Bradman was enunciated in the opening phrase of the popular song that was written about him Our Don Bradman.Foulcher recalls the cricketers r eputation, in this poem, and subjects it to his keen poets scrutiny. Bradmans last innings is framed by the event commemorated in the agnomen Bradmans last appearance at the crease, and the irony of his unceremonious dismissal, on that occasion, without a single run to his credit Bowled for a duck, you could have asked for better. At the fire of the poem, the experience of his last match is more bitterly registered four runs short of that century / average, at the last, betrayed by your own game as the cruel marrow of a brilliant career.Between, Foulcher sketches the great batsmans life in the context of its significance in Australian history and the momentous national and world events of the earlier originate of this century. In making these connections, the poet indicates the national and international renown of Bradman in these tumultuous years. During the grim time of the Great Depression, in the 1930s, so many came to see you, and were momently lifted out of their gloom by his skill forgetting the dole queues, the homes dull with a long democracy.Foulchers political comment here is apt in the historical setting of the vigorous challenges to democracy, by Communism and Fascism, especially in Europe, in those days. Australia, though suffering from the worldwide economic slump, was all but immune from much(prenominal) ideological ferment. The adjective dull indicates, critically, the sleepiness of the Australian backwater and sets the excitement of Bradmans appearances both against that dullness and, in praise of old Australias isolation and detachment, against the grim excitements of Hitler and Stalin, occurring on the other expression of the world.It is an ambiguous compliment, however while the rest of humanity was being stirred politically, Australians were being distracted by sport. It is a criticism that remains relevant. During the Second serviceman War, Bradman remained an inspiration, though Foulcher, in speaking of women lodgeing for th eir Saturday oval husbands does remind us again, with a touch of criticism of the sexual inequalities of that society. There is something ambiguous, too, about these husbands.It is not their wives, precisely, who wait for them but women. Are these the men, not at war for a variety of reasons, some valid, some not so, who were reviled (as non-fighting men always are, in wartime) and who often replaced, in womens affections, the absent husbands? If so, the world in which Bradman continued to be a hero, for such people as these, was by no means as innocent as the game he played. CFAIRJONES KGS 2010 After the war, once again he padded up an icon of constancy in a changing society.But now, the disjunction betwixt what Bradman represented and the world that came to see him is vast. In Foulchers analysis (as, indeed, in those of many historical commentators), the moral principles of western civilisation seemed to have been finally destroyed by that conflict, which climaxed in the atom ic bomb. Yet Bradman perpetuated the old ideals you gave people / something the world lacked rules to / play by, winners, clear white flannels // sharp against the green turf.However, even this image of perfection (beautifully pictured in that crisp whiteness and brilliant green) is imperfect and, even more disturbingly, Foulcher argues that all ideal conceptions are fallible, in an insistent repetition But it neer works out, never as he recalls that even Bradman fell short, at the last, of the achievement expected of him. Addressed directly to Sir Donald in the use of the second someone singular Foulchers poem is unique in combining at once a tribute and a lament.He is not bent on change magnitude the generations celebration of Bradmans greatness, but his honesty is such that he must set that achievement in the larger context of his interpretation of the human condition of fate. In other words, with rare poise, Foulcher both communicates the almost mythological stature of B radman and the fact of the even greater forces in human life here articulated through the betrayal which cricket, personified, inflicts on its champion from which even heroes are not immune. CFAIRJONES KGS 2010

Political Campaign

As the political try theater director for Oprahs Presidential ladder in 2012, I result the v basic management functions planning, leading, organizing, control, and plying. individually of those functions go forth be important roles to the different divisions I oblige created. The staff and volunteers that allow for armed service the driving force be arduous working people that enjoy working, have self-control and argon trust proper, like speculation Y people. All decision-makings will be a team effort. Meaning each segment is competent to have a say so we can find the silk hat solution. The department consists of scheduling, field, finance, communications, legal, and technology.The people that top the department has the skills and experience to know what will work for this shake. I trust they will do what is best for the campaign. Each department will have their own set of volunteers and their own objective to reach our goal, to allure the Presidential campaig n, if non at least let everyone know who Oprah is and what she stands for. The scheduling department is responsible for Oprah and her campaign to have full expo veritable in the public eye so the voters know who she is. The team will arrive to events before the candidate to make for certain everything is in order.As the campaign manager, I am responsible for scheduling, planning events for Oprah to attend, managing her personal and campaign schedule, and the schedules of all the coordinators. The coordinators will be in charge of their staff and volunteers. Also part of the scheduling department is event planners Nate Berkus and Peter Walsh. They ar responsible for addressing Oprahs target and message, in meeting formats including seminars, conferences, trade shows, executive retreats, incentive programs, golf events, and conventions (Hard). They will make sure the location, food, and people, ar set to come and enjoy.In the field department, there is Laura Berman, the organizer , Gayle King, our volunteer coordinator, and Mark Consuelos, the GOTV (Get turn up the vote) coordinator. Laura is responsible for organizing the jobs such as making forebode calls, sponsoring a coffee or brunch, putting up yard signs, typing, card address envelopes, computers, distributing brochures, driving, giving rides, registering voters, and so on Gayle is responsible for recruiting volunteers. Each volunteer will fill out a volunteer card with their name, address, ask if they are able to make a contribution and if not how they can help (Gray 244).The purpose of this is to keep track of who we have volunteering and making sure they get the right recognition when the campaign is over. Gayle and Laura oversee the volunteers and make sure jobs are assigned to the right people. They both have to plan out how to distribute their good volunteers passim the different areas and consistently check up on the volunteers, making sure work is getting done. As the coordinators, Laura and Gayle have to avoid bruising egos and prevent bad days. Marks job is to plan the GOTV efforts. He will work with volunteers and his team has to encourage those who have not registered to vote.They have to explain to non-registered voters why their votes are important. Recruiting the right people is very important. Some of the traits they should have are spirited to social environment, cooperative, persistent, adaptable to situations, ambitious, willing to assume responsibility, achievement oriented, energetic and dependable (Dessler 273). Once volunteers are establish, they will go through a brief orientation about our campaign and will receive a job description from the departments. They will choose which they prefer. Suze Orman will be the financial coordinator and is charge of money and fund-raising.She has to determine a budget and see how to get the money for each budget item. Suze will be maintaining a balance sheet of all the expenses the campaign is charging for the r equisite things such as, headquarter rent, stationery and envelopes, office supplies, postage, printing of the brochures, maps, etc. She will as well have to keep up with the operating budget for the departments, making sure they are staying to the budget they receive. As the financial coordinator, she has to spend as little as possible on the necessary item because more money will be needed in advertising.Suze will also be responsible for raising the money, but she wont do it herself. Under her will be jean Chatzky, the fund-raiser coordinator, who will work with Nate and Peter, the event planners, to plain a fund-raising event. The fund-raising event would be a high-priced invest dinner with Oprah. Another fund-raising technique it to send out e-mail messages to potential donors asking for money. The volunteers will be asked that for every event they work, to ask for donations. Every cent will make a difference. The communications department oversees both the press relations an d advertising.They are responsible getting out the campaigns message and image. Press releases, advertisements, phone scripts, mailing list, and other forms of communication have to go through this department before they are released to the public. great deal working in this department include press secretary, who monitors the media, manage the campaigns relations with the press, set up interviews among the candidate and reporters, brief the press at press conferences, and perform tasks that involves in press relations ( squeeze Staff Training and Jobs).Another person working in the department is Marianne Williamson, the rapid response director, who makes sure that the campaign responds quickly to the attacks from the other campaigns. The staff constantly monitors the media and the moves of their opponents, making sure that attacks are rebutted quickly. There are two other people part of this department, the political consultants and the professional speech writers. The political consultants will advice Oprah throughout her campaign when she needs it. The speechwriters are there to help Oprah give a great speech from her and not from someone else.Volunteers will be making, folding, and sending out letters, making signs and posting them everywhere and they will also be making many phone calls to the general public. The legal and technology department are self-explanatory departments that requires many staff members. The legal department will have dozens of lawyers and treasurers making sure that the campaigns activities are consistent with the law and also make sure that the campaign files have the appropriate forms with government authorities. They are also responsible for tracking the finances, such as bank reconciliations, loans and donations (Campaign Staff Training and Jobs).The technology department has armies of computer professionals spread throughout state or country handling the websites designs and maintains the campaign technology such as Voter Fi le, blogs, and databases. They will oversee the online forums, and help create buzz worthy news about Oprah. As Oprahs Presidential campaign manager, I work with all five departments to make sure we get out Oprahs message across America. I am a participative leader with an authoritative and democratic style, because I believe that problems should be solve with everyone who is involve.Making sure everyone is staying to the plan and creating a great team with 100% participation and communication with each other. You could say I follow the situational leadership model. It is not just I who will be affected but also everyone who worked hard to get to where we will be. Each department interlace with one another. Not one department is go forth alone to do all the work. The departments are divided into a smaller area to create a flat organization. Everyone who is part of this campaign has their own skills that will have a great effort on one another. With the help of the many volunteers, I believe we will have a successful campaign.

The novels Sons and Lovers by D. H. Lawrence

The novels Sons and Lovers by D. H. Lawrence and Orlando by Virginia Woolf make interest comments on sexuality and the sexual practice single-valued functions defined by society and the split system. Through Orlando and the other(a) roles of that story, Woolf depicts androgynous characteristics of men and women, highlighting the similarities among the genders. Lawrences characters, too, show an interrelationship between the sexes that belies the societal norms. Classification and structure of the societies in both(prenominal) novels consult a separation that, like that of gender, seems superficial as the main characters are able to transcend variance by experiencing aspects of different strata. Many of the problems regarding gender and sexuality, it is found, persist regardless of the class. In both stories, consequently, one finds the line drawing of relations in which class and conventions dictate the role of women and men on the societal level, yet on the individual lev el, the relationships between men and women are often odd and confusing in defiance of these dictates.Though Orlando starts out sarcastically mocking its own direction with the words Hefor there could be no precariousness of his sex (Woolf, 3), the translations of the characters and especially of Orlando in the novel demonstrate a fundamental likeness between the both sexes that is often overlooked in a society that stresses the salient yet superficial differences. In fact, Woolf at maiden draws attention to his being in the middle of slicing a Moors runan action not conventionally considered suited to females, but then she traces his image by defining organic structure parts that are common to both sexes and hold very tiny gender-differentiating characteristics. She describes his red cheeks covered with babble down (4). Though this down might be in reference to a (very thin) mustache, the delicacy of the description lends a feminine flavor to the entire portrait. Other ch aracters are described in this way too. The archduchess Harriet is a very tall wo human beingwho turns out to be really a man, and when Orlando first sees Sasha he is unavailing to determine her sex as she appears to be straddling both.Sons and Lovers can be seen to portray a similar vista of the masculine children of the Morel family. The sons William and Paul are introduced in their youth, which is the time when girls and boys share many characteristics that are differentiated in the future. As they grow up, their co-dependence on their mother further attributes to them an appearance of femininity as they (especially Paul) are unable to make decisions that leave her out. In the sister Annie, too, has an element of the hermaphrodite, as she is described as a hoyden to whom Paul looks up. These facts prepare the readers for the further confusing roles of the sexes and the strange ideas of class and sexuality that come with them.At the beginning of the novels both protagonists (P aul and Orlando) are pictures of sexual purity. Queen Elizabeth considers Orlando to be a picture of innocence. Soon, however, Orlando encounters Sheba, expresses immunity with his sexuality, and has trouble finding love. It is interesting to note that though Woolf ostensibly portrays the two sexes as only superficially different, Orlandos sexual freedom becomes tempered once he changes from man to woman, and it is in his female state that he finds love. Paul, on the other hand, exhibits an initial restraint toward sex during his more youthful and effeminate period. It is later in his maturity that he becomes passionate and pursues sexual relations with Miriam. Both Orlando and Paul are met with difficulty in finding what Orlando name life and a lover (Woolf, 90). Orlando is, however, able to reconcile his differences with the opposite sex. Paul cannot, however, and remains alone.The roles of the men and women in these two stories are atypical when compared with those defined by t he class and society in which they live. It is noteworthy first of all that though the class distinctions existed, they all regarded women as members of the softer sex who were in need of hold dearion and way from the opposite sex. In Sons and Lovers, Mr. Morel is a poor provider for his family as he dissipates his earnings on discombobulate and lives in a house provided by his mother. His wife directs the path of his sons, and he plays a very petty(a) role in his family. Alongside him, Mrs. Morel appears less like the fireside, knitting woman and more like the man who solicits work for her sons and advises them on relationships.Miriams reaction to Paul is as well as one in which the woman expresses the passion to perform in a role that is conventionally reserved for men. He thoughts are, Then he was so ill, and she felt he would be weak. Then she would be stronger than he. Then she could love him. If she could be mistress of him in his weakness, take care of him, if he could depend on her, if she could, as it were, have him in her arms, how she would love him (Sons and Lovers, 137) The role of protector is given to man by Western society, and in all classes men are seen as the stronger sex that exist to take care of women. Here Miriam wishes to fill that role, take Paul in her arms, protect and love him. Pauls character, in turn, appears to be one that would fit well into this portrait, as he is already in a subordinate position with his mother.In Orlando, something can be said along these lines as well. The title character weaves in and out of the roles of women and men as though they were only superficially differentiated. He admits that at core he is the same, though by societys standards he performs adequately in each role. Researcher Ruth Gruber writes, There is almost no perversion in Orlandos bi-sexuality. As a man, he has a strong predilection towards women, makes violent love to princesses and lies with loose women (87). He is accepted by femal e prostitutes and male archdukes alike, their genders allowing them no knowledge regarding the truth of this woman who once was man.The fact that the prostitute as well as the arch duke accepts Orlando leads also to the idea that class barriers are as superficial as the ones that separates the sexeswhich renders them complicated but superable. Orlando himself declares that he feels attached to the low born, but when he goes to live among the gypsies, he realizes he does share some of the appreciations of the higher classes. This gives the idea that just as human nature transcends gender, so it also transcends class.This idea is reflected too in Sons and Lovers. Paul is also akin to the common people and tells his mother this when she expresses the thirst for him to rise to a higher class. This mother, who had accepted a lower position in marrying Mr. Morel, has found little happiness in the descent. Lawrence writes this in a letter to a friend a woman of character and refinement go es into the lower class, and has no satisfaction in her own life (Letter, 28). Still, judging from his mothers desire and that of Miriam who hated her position as a swine girl (Sons and Lovers, 137), it is put forth that the luxuries of the higher class were still (perhaps naturally) desirable to humans.Remarkably, the authors hit upon similar themes in two vastly different types of novels. Orlando, a godforsaken piece written by Virginia Woolf, presents theories about gender, class and sexuality that show them to be complex and therefore not as easily defined as convention would have it. D. H. Lawrences more earthy tale is able to touch upon these issues as well. The novels challenge both reality and belief by characterization the characters with plausible emotions in their situations. Even in the case of Orlando, the handling of relationships rings authentic in both his period as a man and as a woman. The class situations and the expressions of sexuality also encourage in demo nstrating that the complicated nature of the human being transcends barriers of sex and class.Works CitedGruber, Ruth. Virginia Woolf The Will to Create as a Woman. New York Carroll and Graf, 2005.Lawrence, D. H. Letter to Edward Garnett, 19 November 1912. D. H. Lawrences Sons and Lovers A Casebook. Eds. John Worthen and Andrew Harrison. Oxford Oxford UP, 2005.Lawrence, D. H. Sons and Lovers. New York Signet, 1985.Woolf, Virginia. Orlando A Biography. Hertfordshire Wordsworth, 1995.

Investment in the Indian Education Sector Essay

learning is the key to unlocking and building lasting value in a robust economy. For any country to grow and prosper, a well-positioned educated young population is the ingrained requirement to meet the demands of an increasingly global economy and productive value creation. India has amongst the largest student population in the world and a low literacy level of 74. 04% (2011)1. According to census 2011 figures, over 35. 3% of the 1. 21 one thousand thousand people atomic number 18 between the age group 0-14 years. Additionally, there is shortage of employable manpower in various sedulousness segments.In order to meet this existing and emergent demand, there is huge shoot of investitures in the Indian preparation arena. Currently, t separatelying method is primarily handled by the government by means of its infra complex body part and reckon outlays. But given the small budget outlays and complex regulatory construction, supply is lagging far shadow the demand of educa tion. Expenditure on knowledge as %age of GDP 6000 GDP in thousnad Crores 5000 3. 64 4000 3000 3. 36 2000 1000 0 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2,098 2,261 2,538 2,878 3,282 3,779 3. 51 3. 45 4,321 4,933 3.81 3. 74 3. 80 3. 70 3. 60 3. 50 3. 40 % expendutire on education 3. 78 3. 78 3. 90 3. 30 3. 20 3. 10 book of facts Ministry of Human resource and Development (MHRD), Government of India REGULATION Indias tightly controlled regulatory structure is the primary reason for shortage of fictitious character education institutions. macrocosm in Concurrent list, education is being governed by both Central and State government with huge variations amongst the state regulations. Currently, the government regulates who you fecal matter teach, what you can teach them and what you can charge them.Some of the key bodies regulating education in India are? schooling o Department of School discipline and Literacy MHRD o Central Board of Secondary cultivat ion (CBSE) o Various State Boards o National Council of studyal Research and Training (NCERT) 1 numerate of India, 2011 rogue 3 A query line on Investment in Indian nurture orbit ? higher(prenominal) Education o Department of Higher Education MHRD o University Grants Commission( UGC) o alone India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) o Statutory Councils ? Medical Council of India (MCI) ? Bar Council of India (BCI) ?National Council of Teacher Education (NCTE) conscious Education and accomplishment Development o National Council for vocational Training (NCVT) o National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) ? In order to overcome this overlapping nature of various governing bodies particularly in high education, government is planning to come up with National Commission for Higher Education and Research (NCHER). This commission would work as a single regulatory body which would determine, co-ordinate and contain standards in promotion of higher education and research .It will subsume regulatory bodies such as UGC, NCTE and AICTE, indeed making the process more streamlined. KEY POLICY/ACT ? Foreign Educational Institutions(FEIs) o Allows FEIs to frame-up multi-disciplinary camp use ups and award degrees o Mandates FEIs to reinvest surplus from Indian operations o Mandates FEIs to invest at least 51% of capital expenditure required o Regulates the admission process, fee structure, period of operation of FEIs Right to Education o Makes access to primary education a fundamental right o Mandates 25% stockpile for lowprivileged students in schools?BUDGET 2011 HIGHLIGHTS ? ? ? ? ? Allocated an amount of Rs 52,057 Crores for universalizing access to secondary education Allocated an amount of Rs 21,000 Crores for Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Increased the correspond allocation by 24% over the previous year Lack in allocation of specie for Teacher improvement and readying Lacked emphasis on the K-12 sector in terms of school improvement, quality control etc . EDUCATION IN INDIA Indian education sector has witnessed a series of changes in the last few years, which resulted in a significant increase in grocery store size of the education industry.With economic growth and enhanced applied science it has become necessary to develop the Indian education sector. finances are a major concern in the market to meet this demand. The government has taken many an opposite(prenominal) initiatives for the development of education al-Qaida which needs to be supplemented led by private players. The government has likewise opened the doors for foreign universities by passing Foreign Educational Institution (Regulation of Entry and Operation) Bill, 2010, which will stand by in shaping the education industry structure specially pertaining of higher education in India.A research report on Investment in Indian Education Sector About 185,000 Indians prove overseas and spend USD 4 billion annually. This is almost 10% of the private spend on education, plan of attack from a very small 0. 001% segment of the student population. A number of these students are now move to India after completing their studies, as job markets in India are more attractive, especially in business to weak macro scenarios in the western markets. Entry of leading foreign institutions will enable somewhat of this USD 4 billion spend to stay in India, and also translate a oft sentences indispensable boost to quality.STRUCTURE Indian education corpse can be divided into formal and easy segments which are further divided into sub-segments. Formal education segment broadly comprises schools and higher education institutes. Schools often classified as K-12(Kindergarten to 12th) caters to 3-17 years age group. While higher education includes graduate, diploma, professional and post-graduation courses caters to 18-22 years and to a higher place age group. On the other hand, informal education segment comprises of preschools, multimedia, ICT, vocational training, books and coaching classes.This segment is complimentary from regulation as opposed to highly regulated formal education segment. Schools (K-12) Formal Higher Education Preschools Indian Education System multimedia system ICT Non-formal Vocational training Books Coaching classes Page 5 A research report on Investment in Indian Education Sector INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS India is crustal plate to several well acclaimed International Schools and is increasing rapidly. This demand has been fuelled by parents looking for a new carcass of education which is more interesting and less stressful.Also, large number of NRIs re qualifytling in India is also contributing to this demand. Being in India these schools have to adhere to certain requirements of the Indian national system irrespective of the test system adopted by them. Most of the international schools opt for the International Baccalaureate (IB) Board. However, there are other examination systems like the General Certific ate of Secondary Education (GCSE) and General Certificate of Education (GCE) examination systems which are also present. The IB is a recognized leader in the field of international education.It is a non-profit, mission-driven origination that offers three programs for students aged 3 to 19. ? ? ? Primary Years Programme (PYP) Middle Years Programme (MYP) parchment Programme -For students aged 3 to 12 -For students aged 11 to 16 -For students aged 16 to 19 In India, most international schools offer IB Diploma Programme. In this students study six courses at higher level or standard level. Students must choose one subject from each of groups 1 to 5, thusly ensuring breadth of obtain in languages, social studies, experimental sciences and mathematics.The sixth subject may be an humanistic discipline subject chosen from group 6, or the student may choose another subject from groups 1 to 5. Additionally, the programme has three core requirements that are included to broaden the educ ational experience and challenge students to gain their knowledge and understanding. The extended essay is a requirement for students to engage in independent research through an in-depth study of a question relating to one of the subjects they are studying.Theory of knowledge is a course intentional to encourage each student to reflect on the nature of knowledge by critically examining diverse ways of knowing (perception, emotion, language and reason) and different kinds of knowledge (scientific, artistic, mathematical and historical). Creativity, action, service requires that students actively learn from the experience of doing real tasks beyond the classroom. Students can combine all three components or do activities related to each one of them separately. Some of the International Schools in India? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? Aditya Birla World Academy-Mumbai American Embassy School- New Delhi Amity Global School-New Delhi D Y Patil International School-Mumbai and Nagpur Dhirubhai A mbani International SchoolMumbai GD Goenka World School-Gurgoan Indus International School-Bangalore, Hyderabad and Pune KiiT International School-Bhubaneswar Pathways School-Gurgoan, Noida and NewDelhi Stonehill International School-Bangalore Sharad Pawar International School-Pune Doon School -Dehradun Page 6 A research report on Investment in Indian Education Sector ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS SEGMENTS BASED ON KEY PARAMETERS.Growth Prospect Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No set No Yes Yes No No No No No Scalable Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No Possibility to Create Value Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No Preschool Schools(K-12) Higher Education Multimedia ICT Coaching Classes Vocational Training Books GROWTH DRIVERS ? ?Demographic advantage o As per Census 2011 ,35. 3% of the Indian population is under the age of 14 Increasing awareness o Increase in awareness towards education as a priority and essential tool for career growth o Increase in job opportunities and salaries offered making investment in education prudent Human pick driven economy o Increase inthe demand for an educated skilled workforce by services sector o Share of service sector in GDP change magnitude from 30% in 1950 to 55% in 2007.Technology aided delivery o Increase in sharpness of technology resulting in virtual learning and education delivery New piece of work avenues o Newer employment avenues such as KPO, LPO, retail, aviation, animation etc. demanding highly skilled manpower ? ? ? INDUSTRY FORECAST SCHOOLING. component Pre-School K-12 Tutorial Books Stationery Education CD-ROMs Multimedia in School Total 2008 1,200 21,000 5,000 1,700 1,380 120 25 30,425 CAGR 20%-25% 5%-10% 8%-13% 5%-10% 5%-10% 25%-30% 60%-70% 2013 3,500 30,800 8,000 2,400 2,000 390 320 47,410 CAGR 10%-15% 5%-10% 5%-10% 3%-8% 3%-8% 20%-25% 50%-60% 2018 5,800 43,200 11,800 3,000 2,600 1,100 3,300 70,800 (Figures in USD million) Page 7 A research report on Investment in Indian Education Sector HIGHER EDUCATION.Segment Higher Educati on preceding(prenominal) Total 2008 6,700 1,600 30,425 CAGR 8%-13% 13%-18% 2013 11,200 3,200 47,410 CAGR 7%-12% 10%-15% 2018 18,100 5,900 70,800 (Figures in USD million) VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND SKILL growing Segment Child skill enhancement IT training E-learning Finishing school Vocational Teacher training Total 2008 740 195 45 25 1,500 15 2,520 CAGR 20%-25% 35%-45% 35%-45% 50%-60% 15%-20% 50%-60% 2013 2,200 1,050 240 235 3,100 140 6,965 CAGR 17%-22% 33%-38% 33%-38% 45%-55% 10%-15% 45%-55% 20185,600 4,700 1,100 1,800 6,200 1,100 20,500 (Figures in USD million) Source Technopak report on India Education Sector INVESTMENT SCENARIO With an education network of more than one million schools and 20,000 higher-education institutes, the market size of the Indian education system is estimated at more than US$40 billion2 (2009). However, inadequate infrastructure has placed pressure on the sectors overall development. Education sector is unable to do it with growing market demand and glo bal competition due to constrained investments.Increased private investment is imperative to expand infrastructure and provide greater access to quality education. Also, Government is planning to set up an education ? nance corporation with an investment of around US$45 billion, which aims to provide the education sector with long-term, low-cost ? nancing. PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (PPP) PPP can provide the much needed finance to the education sector while serving as an efficient operating model. Establishing starchy partnerships between private and public sector can achieve the growth.POSSIBLE PPP STRUCTURE The educational institute (special purpose vehicle) is set up as a Society or Trust, as per relevant guidelines. The UGC, AICTE or some other central regulatory body approves norms and standards of the institute. The state provides applicable administrative and financial support to the institute. Capital outlays are met by an educational services entity which 2 E&Ys Private Equity Round Up April-June 2010 Page 8 A research report on Investment in Indian Education Sector provides infrastructure.The educational services entity charges a fee for use of facilities by the Society or Trust. Finally, the infrastructure facilities are transferred to the institute after a particular time period. Central Government State Government AICTE, UGC approvals Provision of grants Local approvals Land and utilities Trust/Society renovation fees Infrastructure Service Provider Transfer of Infrastructure after prescribed time period Source-2009 E & Y EDGE 2009 report on Private Enterprise in Indian Higher Education KEY PLAYERS GLOBAL ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Apollo Group (USA) Mcgraw-Hill (USA) Pearson Plc (England) Benesse Corp (Japan) Devry Inc (USA) ITT Educational (USA) Strayer Education (USA) New oriental person (China) Career Education (USA) Corinthian College (USA) Capella Education (USA) Raffles Education ( Singapore) Mega Study ( South Korea) SkillSoft ( USA) Page 9 A research report on Investment in Indian Education Sector INDIA FORMAL ? ? Preschool o Kidzee o Euro Kids Multimedia in private schools o Educomp o Everonn o NIIT Vocational Training o NIIT o Aptech o Frank Finn Coaching Classes o FIIT-JEE o TIME o Career Launcher Books o Tata Mcgraw Hill o John Wiley o Navneet Publications ?INFORMAL K -12 (School) o Millennium Schools (Part of EduComp) o Kids Zee High o Billabong High (Part of Kangaroo Kids) o GEMS ( Dubai based) Higher Education o Manipal Education o Amity o IIPM o ICFAI ? ? ? ? MAJOR guideS INVESTMENTS ? ? ? ? Rs10 billion investment plan from educational institutes in Haryanas Rajiv Gandhi Educational City ( January11) RS 28. 08 billion investment for setting up 20 IIITs under PPP route ( January11) Everonn Rs 36 billion investment plan to setup 300 K-12 schools by 2015 (July10) Educomp Rs 510 million contract to provide computer education in Bihars schools (May10).PRIVATE EQUITY DEALS Education sector has witnessed 29 PE deals (refer Exhibit 1), cumulatively worth US$381 million, between January 2006 and June 2010 (as per Private equity roundup April-June 2010 by Ernst and Young). The bulk of these investments have been in for-pro? t corporate entities that are not subjected to any government regulations. In future, with increased government spending and expansion plans of private players, the potential for PE investments in the Indian education sector is significant. Additionally, sectors less correlation with the broad economic growth makes it more attractive.Page 10 A research report on Investment in Indian Education Sector SEGEMENT WISE insularity OF PE INVESTMENTS IN TERMS OF NUMBER OF DEALS 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 Vocational Preschool K12 Education technology 4 College/University 3 Coaching 2006 2007 2008 Number of Deals 2009 2010 SEGMENT WISE BREAKUP OF PE INVESTMENTS IN TERMS OF DEAL VALUE 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2006 2007 83 30 74 1 2008 43 2009 2010 12 13 10 37 5 9 23 Vocational 39 Preschool K12 Education technology College/University Coaching 67.Deal Value ( US$ million) Sources Asian Venture Capital Journal Dow Jones Factiva ISI Emerging Market MAJOR ISSUES ? ? ? ? ? Overregulated and under- governed Not for profit structure and all surplus needs to be reinvested High involvement of politicians in higher education industry with no willingness to change the existing structure High land prices and hoarding of land reserved for educational purposes for resale Fragmentation in the sector due to difficulties in achieving scale Page 11 A research report on Investment in Indian Education Sector.